Wegovy is a popular weight loss medication that helps people manage obesity. It contains semaglutide, a GLP-1 receptor agonist that reduces appetite and slows digestion.
While effective, Wegovy can cause side effects that range from mild to serious. This article explains the common and rare Wegovy side effects and offers practical tips to avoid or manage them.
What Is Wegovy and How Does It Work?
Wegovy is an injectable prescription drug approved for weight loss in adults and children over 12 with obesity or weight-related health issues.
It mimics a hormone called GLP-1, which controls hunger and digestion. By slowing stomach emptying, it helps you feel full longer and eat less. However, these changes in digestion can lead to side effects.
The medication is taken once a week using a prefilled pen. Doctors usually start with a low dose and increase it over time. This gradual approach helps your body adjust and reduces side effects. Understanding how Wegovy works can help you prepare for potential reactions.
Common Side Effects of Wegovy
Most people experience mild side effects when starting Wegovy. These usually improve as your body gets used to the medication. Gastrointestinal issues are the most common, affecting about 3 out of 4 users. Below are the most frequent side effects reported in clinical trials.
- Nausea: Affects about 44% of adults and 42% of adolescents.
- Diarrhea: Reported by 30% of adults and 22% of teens.
- Vomiting: Occurs in 24% of adults and 26% of adolescents.
- Constipation: Impacts 24% of adults and 6% of teens.
- Stomach Pain: Noted by 20% of adults and 15% of adolescents.
These side effects often occur during the first few weeks or when the dose increases. They tend to be temporary, lasting a few days to weeks. If they persist, talk to your doctor for advice.
Managing Common Wegovy Side Effects
You can take simple steps to reduce or avoid common Wegovy side effects. Making small changes to your diet and lifestyle can make a big difference. Here are practical tips to help manage these issues.
Nausea and Vomiting
Nausea is the most common side effect, especially early in treatment. Eat smaller, bland meals like toast, crackers, or rice to ease stomach upset. Avoid fatty, spicy, or fried foods that can worsen nausea. Ginger tea or candies can also help calm your stomach.
Stay upright after eating and avoid lying down for at least two hours. If nausea leads to vomiting, sip water or suck on ice chips to stay hydrated. Over-the-counter anti-nausea medications may help, but check with your doctor first. These steps can minimize discomfort and keep you on track.
Diarrhea
Diarrhea can be inconvenient but is usually mild. Drink plenty of water or oral rehydration solutions to prevent dehydration. Avoid caffeine, dairy, and high-fiber foods, which can worsen symptoms. Stick to easily digestible foods like bananas, boiled potatoes, or white rice.
Over-the-counter remedies like Imodium can provide short-term relief. If diarrhea lasts more than a few days, contact your healthcare provider. They may adjust your dose or suggest other solutions to help.
Constipation
Constipation is common, especially during dose increases. Eat high-fiber foods like fruits, vegetables, and whole grains to keep things moving. Drink 6–8 glasses of water daily to soften stools. Regular exercise, like a daily walk, can also help.
If diet and exercise aren’t enough, ask your pharmacist about a gentle laxative. Avoid long-term use of laxatives unless directed by your doctor. These changes can relieve constipation and improve comfort.
Stomach Pain
Stomach pain or cramping is reported by some users. Eat smaller, more frequent meals to reduce pressure on your stomach. Avoid trigger foods like spicy or greasy dishes. If pain persists or worsens, consult your doctor to rule out serious issues.
Applying a warm compress to your stomach may ease discomfort. Over-the-counter antacids can help if the pain is related to acid reflux. Always follow your doctor’s guidance for persistent symptoms.
Serious Side Effects to Watch For
While rare, Wegovy can cause serious side effects that need immediate attention. These are less common but can be dangerous if ignored. Knowing the warning signs can help you act quickly.
Thyroid Cancer Risk
Wegovy carries a boxed warning from the FDA about the risk of thyroid C-cell tumors, including medullary thyroid cancer (MTC). Animal studies showed this risk, but it’s unclear if it applies to humans.
People with a personal or family history of MTC or Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia syndrome type 2 (MEN 2) should not use Wegovy.
Symptoms of thyroid issues include a lump in the throat, trouble swallowing, or hoarseness. If you notice these, contact your doctor right away. Regular checkups can help monitor your thyroid health.
Pancreatitis
Pancreatitis, or inflammation of the pancreas, is a rare but serious side effect. Symptoms include severe abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, or fever. If you experience these, seek medical help immediately.
To reduce risk, avoid excessive alcohol and report any unusual stomach pain to your doctor. Early detection is key to preventing complications.
Gallbladder Problems
Wegovy may increase the risk of gallstones or gallbladder inflammation. Symptoms include sharp pain in the upper right abdomen, fever, or yellowing of the skin. Rapid weight loss can contribute to this issue.
Eating a balanced diet and losing weight gradually can lower your risk. If you have a history of gallbladder issues, discuss Wegovy with your doctor before starting.
Low Blood Sugar (Hypoglycemia)
People with type 2 diabetes, especially those on insulin or sulfonylureas, may experience low blood sugar. Symptoms include shakiness, sweating, confusion, or blurred vision. Monitor your blood sugar regularly if you’re at risk.
Keep a quick source of sugar, like glucose tablets or juice, on hand. Your doctor may adjust your diabetes medications to prevent this issue.
Kidney Problems
Severe gastrointestinal side effects like vomiting or diarrhea can lead to dehydration, which may harm your kidneys. Symptoms of kidney issues include reduced urine output, swelling, or fatigue. Staying hydrated is crucial to avoid this.
If you notice signs of dehydration, drink fluids and contact your doctor. They may recommend adjusting your dose or treatment plan.
Table: Common vs. Serious Side Effects
| Side Effect | Frequency | Symptoms | Management Tips |
|---|---|---|---|
| Nausea | Very Common (44%) | Feeling sick, upset stomach | Eat bland foods, stay upright, use ginger |
| Diarrhea | Common (30%) | Loose, watery stools | Stay hydrated, avoid dairy, use Imodium |
| Pancreatitis | Rare | Severe abdominal pain, fever | Seek immediate medical help |
| Thyroid Cancer Risk | Rare | Lump in throat, trouble swallowing | Monitor symptoms, avoid if high risk |
| Gallbladder Issues | Rare | Upper abdominal pain, yellowing skin | Balanced diet, gradual weight loss |
This table compares common and serious Wegovy side effects, their symptoms, and how to manage them. Always consult your doctor for personalized advice.
Tips to Minimize Wegovy Side Effects
You can take proactive steps to reduce the likelihood of Wegovy side effects. These tips focus on lifestyle and medication management. Following them can make your treatment smoother.
Start with a low dose as prescribed by your doctor. Gradual dose increases over 16 weeks help your body adjust. Don’t rush to the highest dose, as this can worsen side effects.
Eat a balanced, low-calorie diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and lean proteins. Avoid heavy, fatty, or sugary foods that can trigger digestive issues. Smaller, more frequent meals are easier on your stomach.
Stay hydrated by drinking 6–8 glasses of water daily. This helps with digestion, prevents dehydration, and eases constipation. Avoid alcohol and caffeine, which can irritate your stomach.
Exercise regularly, even if it’s just a 20-minute walk. Physical activity supports weight loss and improves digestion. It can also reduce constipation and boost your energy.
Keep a symptom journal to track side effects. Note when they occur, their severity, and what helps. Share this with your doctor to adjust your treatment if needed.
Who Should Avoid Wegovy?
Wegovy isn’t safe for everyone. Certain health conditions or risks make it unsuitable. Talk to your doctor if any of these apply to you.
People with a history of thyroid cancer or MEN 2 should not use Wegovy. The risk of thyroid tumors makes it unsafe. Similarly, those allergic to semaglutide or any ingredient in Wegovy should avoid it.
Pregnant women or those planning pregnancy should not take Wegovy. It may harm a fetus, and you should stop it at least two months before trying to conceive. Breastfeeding mothers should consult their doctor, as it’s unclear if Wegovy passes into breast milk.
If you have pancreas, kidney, or gallbladder problems, discuss Wegovy with your doctor. These conditions may increase your risk of serious side effects. Always share your full medical history before starting.
When to Contact Your Doctor
Most Wegovy side effects are mild and manageable, but some require urgent attention. Knowing when to seek help is important. Don’t ignore symptoms that feel severe or unusual.
Call your doctor if side effects like nausea, diarrhea, or constipation last longer than a few weeks. They may adjust your dose or suggest treatments. Persistent stomach pain or worsening symptoms need prompt evaluation.
Seek immediate medical help for signs of serious issues like pancreatitis, gallbladder problems, or thyroid symptoms. These include severe abdominal pain, fever, lumps in the throat, or trouble swallowing. If you feel faint, confused, or have signs of low blood sugar, act quickly.
Regular checkups with your doctor can catch problems early. Report any new or worsening symptoms during these visits. Staying proactive keeps your treatment safe and effective.
Summary
Wegovy is an effective weight loss medication, but it comes with potential side effects. Common issues like nausea, diarrhea, and constipation are usually mild and temporary. Serious side effects, such as thyroid cancer risk or pancreatitis, are rare but require immediate attention.
By eating a balanced diet, staying hydrated, and following your doctor’s dosing plan, you can minimize Wegovy side effects and stay on track with your weight loss goals.
Always consult your healthcare provider for personalized advice and report any concerning symptoms promptly.
FAQ
What are the most common Wegovy side effects?
Nausea, diarrhea, vomiting, constipation, and stomach pain are the most common. They affect 20–44% of users, especially early in treatment. These usually improve within a few weeks.
How can I reduce nausea from Wegovy?
Eat small, bland meals and avoid fatty or spicy foods. Stay upright after eating and try ginger tea. Consult your doctor if nausea persists.
Are there serious risks with Wegovy?
Rare but serious risks include thyroid cancer, pancreatitis, and gallbladder issues. Seek immediate help for symptoms like severe pain or lumps in the throat.
Can I prevent constipation while on Wegovy?
Eat high-fiber foods, drink plenty of water, and exercise regularly. A gentle laxative may help if needed, but check with your pharmacist first.
Who should not take Wegovy?
Avoid Wegovy if you have a history of thyroid cancer, MEN 2, or are pregnant. Discuss kidney, pancreas, or gallbladder issues with your doctor.